Clometro 7HP Mechanism of Action

Pharmacology: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative spiral, flagellated, micro-bacterium. It is found to colonise and congregate at the antrum of the stomach, its natural habitat being the gastric mucosa. H. pylori has been found to be the major cause of duodenal and gastric ulcer diseases which are not cured by non-steroidal / anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) agent. Eradication of H. pylori is therefore an appropriate therapy for peptic ulcers and has been successfully achieved in approximately 97% of patients, after a therapy of 7-day regime with clarithromycin, metronidazole and omeprazole.
Claritrox 250 mg Tablet: Clarithromycin is a semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic. Clarithromycin binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit of the 70S ribosome of susceptible organisms, thereby inhibiting bacterial RNA-dependent protein synthesis. Clarithromycin is active in vitro against a variety of aerobic and anaerobic gram positive and gram-negative microorganisms. Additionally, the 14-OH clarithromycin metabolite also has clinically significant antimicrobial activity.
Metgyl 400 mg Tablet: Antibacterial (systemic); antiprotozoal: Microbicidal; active against most obligate anaerobic bacterial and protozoa by undergoing intracellular chemical reduction via mechanisms unique to anaerobic metabolism. Reduced metronidazole, which is cytotoxic but short-lived, interacts with bacterial DNA to cause a loss of helical structure, strand breakage, and resultant inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis and cell death.
Omilock 20 mg Capsule: Omeprazole is activated at an acidic pH to a sulphenamide derivative that binds irreversibly to H⁺, K⁺-ATPase, an enzyme system found at the secretory surface of parietal cells. It thereby inhibits the final transport of hydrogen ions (via exchange with potassium ions) into the gastric lumen. Since the H⁺, K⁺-ATPase enzyme system is regarded as the acid (proton) pump of the gastric mucosa, omeprazole is known as a gastric acid pump inhibitor. Omeprazole inhibits both basal and stimulated acid secretion irrespective of the stimulus.
It is conclusively evident from the mechanism action of the three drugs simultaneously administered offers the most effective treatment of H pylori. Therefore the combination pack provides the three drugs readily to the patient.
Pharmacokinetics: Claritrox 250 mg Tablet: Absorption: Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; stable in gastric acid; food delays the rate, but not the extent, of absorption; bioavailability is approximately 55% in healthy volunteers.
Distribution and Elimination: Widely distributed into tissue and fluids, high concentrations found in nasal mucosa, tonsils, and lungs; concentrations in tissue are higher than those in serum because of high intracellular concentrations.
Binding to Plasma Proteins: 65 to 75%.
Biotransformation: Hepatically metabolised.
Half-life: Normal renal function: 250 mg every 12 hours: 3 to 4 hours.
Renal function impairment (creatinine clearance of <30 mL per minute): Approximately 22 hours.
Peak serum concentration: Clarithromycin: Steady-state: 250 mg every 12 hours: approximately 1 mcg/mL.
14 - Hydroxyclarithromycin: Steady-state: 250 mg every 12 hours: approximately 0.6 mcg/mL.
Elimination: Renal: Approximately 20 and 30%, respectively, of the dose of 250-mg tablets given twice a day is excreted in the urine as unchanged drug. Faecal: Approximately 4 % of a 250-mg dose is excreted in the faeces.
Metgyl 400 mg Tablet: Absorption: Well absorbed orally; bioavailability at least 80%.
Distribution: Distributed to saliva, bile, seminal fluid, breast milk, bone, liver and liver absesses, lungs, and vaginal secrections; crosses the placenta and blood brain barrier, also.
Vol_D-In adults: Approximately 0.55 L/kg.
Protein binding: Low (<20%).
Biotransformation: Hepatic.
Half-life: In adults: Normal liver function: 8 hours.
Time to peak concentration: 1 to 2 hours (oral).
Elimination: Renal: 60 to 80%; of this amount, approximately 20% excreted unchanged in urine.
Omilock 20 mg Capsule: Absorption: Rapid; 50 - 65%.
Distribution: Distributed in tissue, particularly gastric parietal cells.
Protein binding: Very high, approximately 95% bound to albumin and alpha₁-acid glycoprotein.
Biotransformation: Hepatic, extensive.
Half-life: Plasma: Normal hepatic function: 30 minutes to 1 hour.
Onset of action: Within one hour.
Time to peak concentration: Within 30 minutes to 3.5 hours.
Time to peak effect: Within 2 hours.
Duration of action: Up to 72 hours or more (96 hours required for full restoration of acid production).
Elimination: Renal: 72 to 80%.
Fecal: 18 to 23%.
In dialysis: Not readily dialyzable, because of extensive protein binding.